(zenodo.org)

Introduction

Modern physics considers mass and electromagnetic radiation as two distinct entities. However, by analyzing fundamental principles, one can conclude that the mass of an elementary particle is directly related to the characteristics of the electromagnetic wave that confines its structure. In this article, we examine the physical foundations of this connection and its possible implications.

The Wave Nature of Elementary Particles

The idea of the wave nature of matter was first proposed by Louis de Broglie. According to his hypothesis, a particle can be associated with a wavelength:

    λ = h / p

where:
— λ is the de Broglie wavelength,

— h is Planck’s constant,

— p is the momentum of the particle.

In relativistic mechanics, the total energy of a particle is given by the equation:

    E² = (pc)² + (mc²)²

Here, the rest mass m plays a crucial role, but at high energies, its contribution becomes small compared to the momentum term. This means that as an elementary particle moves, its mass and the associated wavelength change depending on its energy.

Electromagnetic Wave as a Confining Factor

If we assume that an elementary particle is an electromagnetic wave confined within a certain volume, then its mass can be expressed in terms of the parameters of this wave.  In this case, changes in the particle’s energy must correspond to changes in its wavelength to maintain structural integrity.

 As an elementary particle moves, its size decreases due to relativistic effects. To preserve the number of half-wavelengths in its structure, the wavelength must shorten, leading to an increase in energy. Therefore, the higher the frequency of the particle’s wave component, the greater its mass. This explains the fundamental relationship between mass and electromagnetic waves.

Implications and Confirmations

This conclusion aligns with several observations, including:

1. The mass of elementary particles (e.g., electrons, protons) increases with energy, as confirmed by experimental data.

2. A photon, having no rest mass, behaves as a pure electromagnetic wave, following the same fundamental principles.

3. Relativistic effects associated with the contraction of a moving particle’s size can be explained by changes in its wavelength.

Thus, it can be hypothesized that the mass of elementary particles is a manifestation of a confined electromagnetic wave, and differences between particles may be determined by their frequency characteristics.

Conclusion

This approach offers a new perspective on the nature of mass and its relationship to electromagnetic processes. A more detailed discussion of this hypothesis and its philosophical implications can be found in the following works:

— (Dzen)

— (Zenodo)

If further research confirms this hypothesis, it could lead to a revision of fundamental concepts regarding the structure of matter and interactions in the physical world.